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Chandogya Upanisad
Chapter Two
8. Its form when it has first set is the Nidhana. The ancestors are connected with that: because they share in the Nidhana of the saman, folk give them a place (ni-dha-).
This is how one contemplates the sevenfold saman as the sun.
II.10
1. Then one should contemplate the sevenfold saman as equal to the self, and as beyond death. 'Hinkara' is three syllables: 'Prastava' is three syllables, so it is equal.
2. 'Adi' is two syllables: 'Pratihara' has four syllables. Take one from that to this, then it is equal.
3. 'Udgitha' is three syllables: 'Upadrava' is four syllables. With three each it becomes equal, but a syllable (aksara) is left over. That [a-ksa-ra] is three syllables, so it is equal.
4. 'Nidhana' is three syllables, so that becomes equal. There are twenty-two syllables here.
5. By twenty-one one reaches the sun: the sun is the twenty-first from here. By the twenty-second one conquers what is beyond the sun, heaven, free from sorrow.
6. He gains victory over the sun-has victory greater than victory over the sun-the one who, knowing this, contemplates the sevenfold saman here as equal to the self, and as beyond death: who contemplates the saman.
II.11
1. The mind is the Hinkara; speech is the Prastava; the eye is the Udgitha; the ear is the Pratihara; the breath is the Nidhana. This is the Gayatra, woven on the breaths (prana).
2. The one who knows the Gayatra, woven on the breaths, becomes alive (pranin): he attains his full lifespan, lives long, becomes great in offspring and animals, great in fame. One should be of great mind: that should be the vow.
II.12
1. When one rubs the sticks together, that is the Hinkara; when smoke is produced, that is the Prastava; when it bursts into flame, that is the Udgitha; when there are embers, that is the Pratihara; when it dies down, that is the Nidhana-when it goes out, that is Nidhana. This is the Rathantara, woven on fire.
2. The one who knows the Rathantara, woven on fire, becomes radiant with brahman, an eater of food: he attains his full lifespan, lives long, becomes great in offspring and animals, great in fame. One should not sip water or spit facing a fire: that should be the vow.
II.13
1. When one invites a woman, that is the Hinkara; when one makes known one's desire, that is the Prastava; when one lies close to the woman, that is the Udgitha; when one lies with her, that is the Pratihara; when one reaches the climax, that is the Nidhana-when one reaches the end, that is the Nidhana. This is the Vamadevya, woven on the sexual act.
2. The one who knows the Vamadevya, woven on the sexual act, achieves the sexual act, procreates from every sexual act: he attains his full lifespan, lives long, becomes great in offspring and animals, great in fame. One should not reject any woman: that should be the vow.
II.14
1. Rising, it is the Hinkara; risen, it is the Prastava; at midday, it is the Udgitha; in the afternoon, it is the Pratihara; setting, it is the Nidhana. This is the Brhat, woven on the sun.
2. The one who knows the Brhat, woven on the sun, becomes radiant, an eater of food: he attains his full life span, lives long, becomes great in offspring and animals, great in fame. One should not speak ill of the one who gives heat: that should be the vow.
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